This paper studies the long-run mortality effects of in-utero and early-life economic conditions. We examine how local economic conditions experienced in the Great Depression, proxied by county level banking deposits during in-utero and first years of life can influence old-age longevity. We find that a one-standarddeviation rise in per capita bank deposits is associated with an approximately 2.8 months increase in longevity at old ages (a 0.4 percent increase with respect to the outcome mean). The effects are robust across a wide array of specification checks. Additional analyses comparing state-level versus county-level economic measures provide insight on the importance of controlling for local-level confounders and exploiting more granular measures in exploring the relationship between early-life conditions and later-life mortality.